Rheinhessen

Rheinhessen

The same region in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate was also the largest growing area Germany 's name. It has no geographical reference to the state of Hesse, but the name is derived from the existing 1816 to 1919 from historical affiliation of the area as a province of Rhenish Hesse Grand Duchy of Hesse. Rheinhessen Rheinhessen is 26 480 hectares with the largest growing area, or about one fifth of the region. More than 6,000 wineries produce more than 2.5 million hectoliters of wine from 120 million vines. It is one of the most traditional German wine-growing areas in the already occupied by many finds BC wine was grown. From an old Roman aqueduct wine witnessed in the town of Ingelheim. Nierstein is with the 742 already mentioned as a single location Bells The oldest vineyard in Germany. Kaiser Charlemagne (742-814) there was a palace (palace) and noticed according to the legend on a Rhine cruise the excellent suitability for vineyards. He promoted the wine here, by the Rhine was clearing forests and vineyards create. From 1546 is one of the first clues to the Riesling , for the German botanist Hieronymus Hieronymus Bock (1498-1554) writes of a "on the Mosel / Rhine and Wormbs growing Rissling". At that time, Rheinhessen was considered the "wine press of Europe."

A description of the Rheinhessen wine without mentioning the famous and sometimes infamous Liebfraumilch would be incomplete. He was from the mid-19th Century popular, long stood for excellent quality and was one of the best and most expensive German wines. But the former head of wine then degenerated into a cheap, usually sweet to sweet wines vinified mass, which was exported all over the world. One of the main varieties of this wine is Müller-Thurgau , the most successful German New breed , 1970, in the Rheinhessen had a third share. This has indeed been more than halved since then, but this species is still at the top. From the early 1960s, particularly in the Rheinhessen, many of these new varieties grown and reached up to 1980 accounted for 40%. This development has declined in recent years in favor of classic varietals such as Riesling, Sylvaner and Pinot varieties again. Alzey is the way a State Institute for Grapevine Breeding, where long years of successful German grape breeder Georg Georg Scheu (1879-1949) worked.

Rheinhessen is located on the left bank of the Rhine major knee between the towns of Bingen , Mainz and Worms, in the form of a giant triangle. The Rhine bounds the area to the north and east. Due to the hilly nature of the landscape, it is also known as the "Land of 1000 Hills". The soils are mainly loess and sand, marl, limestone, clay, Permian, brown earth, quartzite and porphyry. The climatic conditions are ideal for growing grapes. Under the protection of the Odenwald and Taunus, there is mild average temperatures between 9.4 (Alzey) to 10.4 ° C (Worms). The low rainfall area with hot summers and mild winters, with 1,600 hours of sunshine annually among German's warmest growing areas. Rheinhessen is one of the driest areas in Central Europe. Except in the southwest of the annual rainfall averages only 550 millimeters. The predominant in many areas up to 15 feet deep Lössdecke, and the marl and clay soils, however, prevent a good water supply drought damage. The vineyards along the Rhine are often referred to as Rhine front known. Of the 136 municipalities Rheinhessen 120 on the "home" and only four do not operate on their own wine district. Rheinhessen is in three areas of Bingen, and Nierstein Wonnegau divided with 24 large documents and 434 individual layers.

The lying to the northwest of the city named range Bingen in the six major principles Abbey, Adelberg, Imperial Palace, Elector piece Rheingrafenstein and St. Roch chapel divided. Known wine-growing villages with their individual situations are:

* Appenheim with Daubhaus, throttle Born, donkey path, Hundred guilders
* Armsheim with Geiersberg, pieces of gold, delicious mountain
* Aspisheim with Johannisberg, Sonnenberg
* Badenheim with Gallows Hill, Römerberg
* Height with Bermersheim before Hildegardis mountain, mountain monastery
* Biebelsheim with Honigberg, Kieselberg
* Bingen with knavery, Honigberg, Chapel Hill, Kirchberg , Klosterweg, Mainzerweg
* Bingen with Osterberg, palm stone rectory garden, Rose Garden (Single location Germany) , Scharlachberg (single location, Germany)
* Bingen with rogue piece, Schlossberg-Schwätzerchen, Black Mountain
* Bornheim with chicken, cottage terraces, church piece, Schoenberg
* Boys home with mountain honey, Kallenberg
* Dromersheim with Honigberg, Klosterweg, Mainzerweg - see also Icewine
* Eckelsheim with donkey driver, Kirchberg, sun bowl
* Flonheim with Binger mountain, mountain spirits, Convent Garden, La Roche, Pfaffenberg, Red Path
* Free-Laubersheim with old Roman road, rock, Kirchberg, Rich Keller, Rhein Grafenberg
* Fürfeld with Eichelberg, Chapel Hill, walkways
* Gau-Algesheim with Goldberg, Johannisberg, Rothenberg, St. Laurenzikapelle, Steinert
* Large winter home with Bockstein, Christmas Cottage, Castle Hill, Friar
* Heidenheim Geissberg, hell mountain, Steinacker
* Horrweiler with spice gardens, Goldberg
* Ingelheim Bockstein, Castle Hill (single location, Germany) , Christmas Cottage, Höllenweg, Horn
* Ingelheim church piece, Friar, lottery play, Pares , Raven head, Rheinhöhe
* Ingelheim Red Cross, Castle Westerhaus, Castle Hill, Sonnenberg
* Ingelheim Sonnenhang , Steinacker, Täuscherspfad
* Jugenheim with Goldberg, Hasensprung, Heiligenhäuschen, St. George Berg
* Ockenheim with Hock mill Klosterweg, Cross, Stall Laber, St. Jakob Berg, Schoenberg hell
* Pleitersheim with Sternberg
* Siefersheim with Golden Horn, Heerkretz , Höllberg Martin Berg
* Sprendlingen with hell, Honigberg, Convent Garden, Sonnenberg, Wissberg
* Uffhofen with La Roche, Pfaffenberg
* Wendelsheim with holy path, mountain climber
* Wörrstadt with tile mountain, Rhine Grafenberg
* Zotzenheim with Johannisberg monastery garden

The northeast region lying Nierstein extends to the already established 38 BC Roman city of Mainz . Center is the so-called Rhine front of Nackenheim to Schwabsburg. This stretch of the famous Red slope the most impressive and best steep slopes of Rheinhessen with the eponymous red slate soils (Permian). Rheinhessen is the 11 large documents rubber matting, canon, good Domtal, Güldenmorgen, Toad Fountain, Peter Berg, Rehbach, overlooking the Rhine, St. Alban, Spiegelberg and bird gardens divided. Known wine-growing villages with their individual situations are:

* Albig with Homberg, Dog head , Schloss Hammerstein
* Alsheim with Fischer path , Early Mass , Goldberg, Roman Mountain, Sun Mountain
* Bechtolsheim with Homberg, Monastery Mountain, Sun Mountain, Wingertstor
* Biebelnheim with pilgrims stone, Rosenberg
* Floor Home with Burgweg , Ebersberg , Heitersbrünnchen , High , Chapel, Kreuzberg
* Floor Home with sorrow hedge monk path, Imperial Knight pen Silberberg (single location, Germany) , Westrum
* Dienheim with Falkenberg , Höhlchen, Cross, Paterhof, lock, Siliusbrunnen, Stone Table
* Dolgesheim with Kreuzberg, shooting lodge
* Ebersheim with Hüttberg, sand, cellar
* Eimsheim with Hexel mountain Römerschanze, sunny side
* Elsheim with flower Bockstein, temple
* Eat with home Römerberg vicious path
* Framersheim with Horn Mountain, Cross, Zechberg
* Home Fries with Altdörr, mountain trail, button
* Gau-Bischofsheim with Glockenberg, Herrenberg , Kellerberg (single location, Germany) , Pfaffenweg
* Gau-Home Or with a fox hole, for God's path, the Mount of Olives, Vogelsang
* Gunter Blum Authental, Born path , Iron Hand, Sky valley
* Guntersblum Cross Chapel, St. Julianenbrunnen, Sonnenberg
* Guntersblum with sunny slopes, climbing terraces, Steinberg
* Hahnhheim with button, Moosberg
* Harxheim with Börnchen, Lieth, Schlossberg
* Leaves home with a nobleman, Johannisberg, Klosterberg
* Lörzweiler with Hohberg, Königstuhl, Ölgild
* Ludwigshöhe with Honigberg, Devil's Head
* Mainz with a nobleman, Hüttberg, Johannisberg, church piece, mountain monastery, sand
* Mettenheim with Goldberg, Michel Mountain, Castle Mountain
* Nackenheim with Engelberg , Rothenberg , Schmittskapellchen
* Nierstein with mountain church, shrine, bridges, Brudersberg , Ebersberg
* Nierstein with boulder Bells , Golden Air, Sacred Tree , Hipping , Hell
* Nierstein plate with church, cloister garden, Kranzberg , Mount of Olives
* Nierstein with Patersberg , Pettenthal , Pfaff cap Rosenberg (single location, Germany)
* High Castle Nierstein with rakes, Castle Schwabsburg , Ten Tomorrow
* Oppenheim Daubhaus, Gutleuthaus, Herrenberg Mr Garden, Cross (single location, Germany)
* Oppenheim Sackträger , Castle, Castle Hill, shooting lodge, Zuckerberg
* Saulheim crested mountain, the Holy House, Hell, Pfaff garden Probstey, Schlossberg
* Stadecken-Elsheim with flower Bockstein, Lina, Spitzberg, temple
* Uelversheim with Aulenberg, castle, stone panel
* Won Zornheim with roof, Gulden morning, monk tree, pilgrimage, Vogelsang

Which is in the south to the Nibelungen and Luther Worms lying area Wonnegau one of the warmest and driest regions of Germany. It is dominated by calcareous, often heavy clay soils. The area is in the seven major principles Mountain Monastery, Rodenstein, Domblick God's help, Lady morning, pilgrims path and Sybillenstein divided. Known wine-growing villages with their individual situations are:

* Abenheim with Klaus Berg, Chapel pieces
* Alzey with Holy Blood Mountain, sky field, hell, Chapel Hill, church pieces, Mandelberg
* Alzey with Pfaff stockpile, Römerberg, Red Rock, Sun Mountain, Wartberg
* Bechenheim with Cheerful
* Bechtheim with Geyersberg , Hasensprung , Holy Cross, rose garden, stone
* Bermersheim with rabbit run, ropes course
* Dalsheim with Burgel , Hubacker , Sauloch, climbing
* Dintesheim with rocks
* Dittelsheim with Geiersberg, Kloppenberg, delicious mountain Mönchhube, Pfaff cap
* Dittelsheim-Heßloch with noble vineyards, mountain vultures, Kloppenberg, delicious mountain
* Dittelsheim-Heßloch with Liebfrauenberg Mönchhube, moonlight, Pfaff cap
* Heritage-Büdesheim with Ghost Mountain, Vogelsang
* Esselborn with Goldberg
* Flomborn with Fire Mountain , Goldberg
* Flörsheim-Dalsheim with Burgel , Mrs. Berg , Goldberg, Hubacker , Sauloch
* Frettenheim with healing
* Gundersheim with hell fire, Königstuhl
* Gundheim with hungry bees, almond Well, Sonnenberg
* Heimersheim with Red Rock, Sonnenberg
* Heppenheim with monkey mountain, mountain snails
* Herrnsheim with Lerchelsberg, Rheinberg, Roman Bridge, St. Anne's Mountain, Castle
* Leiselheim with Hochberg, nuns Wingert
* Mölsheim with Silberberg, Zellerweg the Black God
* Monsheim with rose garden, Silberberg (single location, Germany)
* Mörstadt cat with hump and nuns home
* Offstein with Engelberg, castle garden
* Osthofen with Goldberg, Hasenbiß, Kirchberg, mountain monastery, pin leakage, Liebenberg
* Osthofen with Neuberg, Rheinberg
* Pfeddersheim high mountain, cross eyed, St. George Berg
* Schafhausen with Pfaff stockpile
* Wine home with Holy Blood Mountain, Hell, chapel hill, church pieces, Mandelberg (single location, Germany)
* Westhofen with Aulerde , Benn, Well house , Parish
* Westhofen with Morstein , Red Stone, Quarry
* Meadow-Oppenheim, On the holy house
* Worms with monkey mountain, the holy house, castle path, Goldberg, Klaus Berg, cross-eyed
* Worms Lerchelsberg, Liebfrauenstift-piece church , nuns Wingert, Remeyerhof
* Worms Rheinberg, Roman Bridge, St. Anne's Mountain, mountain snails, St. Cyriac pin

Well-known producers are Battenfeld-Spanish , Gernot Becker , Becker Landgraf , Hartmut Bischel , Brothers, Dr. Becker , Ch W. Bernard , Cistercian winery Michel , Dackermann , Dautermann , Dreissigacker , Dr. Heyden , Erbel things , Evangelical Church of Hesse and Nassau , Theo Gehring , Wilfried Göhring , Friedrich Groebe , Heinrich Groh , Gunderloch , Gerhard Gutzler , Gysler Alexander , Hauck, Heinz-Günter , Heinz, Franz-Josef , Hemer and Stefan Andreas , Frank Hemmes , Heyl to Herrnsheim , Eric Hiestand , Hildegardishof , Hirschhof , Jürgen Hofmann , Huff-Doll , Armin Jäger , Johanninger , Julius Wasem - Rodensteiner court , Klaus Keller , Georg Jakob and Matthias Keth , Kissinger , Klaus Knobloch , Axel Koehler , Kruger-Rumpf , Kühling-Gillot , Landgraf , Liebfrauenstift (Winery) , Louis Guntrum , Eric Manz , Karl May , Frank Meiser , Milk, Karl-Hermann , Axel Mueller , Neef-Emmich , Jakob Neumer , John Geil Ökonomierat heirs I. , Pfannebecker , Posthof Doll and Goth , Racke , Stefan Raddeck , Deer Kendermann , COUNT THE RHINE , Sander , Kai sweetheart , Schembs Arno , Schemer-Kleinhanß , Georg Albrecht Schneider , Seebrich , Seehof Ernst Fauth , Spohr Heinz , State Viticulture domain Oppenheim , St. Antony , Steitz Gernod , Walter Strub , Villa bathrooms , Wagner-Stempel , Weitzel Eckhard , Edmund Winter , Philipp Wittmann and Würtz-Königsmühle . A known Rheinhessen wine growers association is Message in a Bottle .

The Blend has changed significantly over the last ten years. The proportion of red wines has risen from 22% to 31%, which corresponds to the national trend. There are four dominant grape varieties, but they have over other producing areas relatively small amounts. At the top is still the Müller-Thurgau, however, the proportion of about 1,000 hectares of 20% reduced to 16%. There was stronger growth in the varieties Dornfelder by 1,300 hectares (8% to 13%) and Riesling also to 1,300 hectares (10% to 15%). The Blend status 2009 (0 = less than 0.5 ha):

Grape dt principal name	In Germany common synonyms	Color	Hectare 2009	% - Ant
Müller-Thurgau	Rivaner	white	4340	16.4
Riesling	White Riesling, Rhine Riesling	white	3887	14.7
Dornfelder	-	red	3407	12.9
Sylvaner Blue Silvaner	Silvaner , Sylvaner	white	2462 A	9.3 -
Portuguese	Blue Portugal	red	1609	6.1
Pinot Noir including Samtrot	Pinot Noir , Blauer S., Pinot Noir	red	1344	5.1
Kerner	-	white	1186	4.5
Ruland	Pinot Gris , Pinot Gris	white	1170	4.4
White Burgundy	Pinot Blanc , Pinot Blanc	white	913	3.5
Scheurebe	Seedling 88	white	911	3.4
Regent	-	red	767	2.9
Bacchus	-	white	766	2.9
Faberrebe	-	white	466	1.8
Chardonnay	-	white	429	1.6
Huxelrebe	-	white	409	1.5
Ortega	-	white	347	1.3
Saint Laurent	St. Laurent	red	302	1.1
Morio-Muskat	Morio	white	212	0.8
Gewurztraminer	Traminer , Gewurztraminer	white	148	0.6
Merlot	-	red	147	0.6
Sauvignon Blanc	-	white	130	0.5
Cabernet Sauvignon	-	red	87	0.3
Frühburgunder	Blue Frühburgunder, Clevner	red	83	0.3
Müllerrebe	Meunier And Pinot Meunier	red	81	0.3
Dark Fields	-	red	64	0.2
Cabernet Mitos	-	red	62	0.2
Siegerrebe	-	white	62	0.2
Reichensteiner	-	white	61	0.2
Acolon	-	red	54	0.2
Cabernet Dorsa	-	red	52	0.2
Würzer	-	white	43	0.2
Sprinklers	-	red	41	0.2
Heroldrebe	-	white	31	0.1
Optima	Optima 113	white	29	0.1
Ehrenfelser	-	white	26	0.1
Auxerrois	-	white	24	0.1
John	-	white	23	0.1
Muscat Red Muscatel	Muscatel , Muscat Blanc	white	22 0	0.1 -
Phoenix	-	red	20	0.1
Domination	-	white	19	0.1
Chancellor	-	white	19	0.1
Dakapo	-	red	15	0.1
Schönburger	-	white	15	0.1
Jewel	-	white	14	0.1
Pearl	-	white	12	0.1
Rubinet	-	red	12	0.1
Limberger / Lemberger	Blaufränkisch , Blauer Limberger	red	11	-
Cabernet Dorio	-	red	9	-
Ehrenbreitsteiner	-	white	8	-
Trollinger	Blauer Trollinger, Vernatsch	red	7	-
Albalonga	-	white	6	-
Rondo	-	red	6	-
Cabernet Cubin	-	red	5	-
Rieslaner	-	white	5	-
Malmsey	Early Roter Veltliner , Early Red	white	4	-
Solaris	-	white	4	-
Core Modeling	-	white	3	-
Muscat Ottonel	-	white	3	-
Orion	-	white	3	-
Rotberger	-	red	3	-
Syrah	Shiraz	red	3	-
Grüner Veltliner	Weißgipfler	white	3	-
Hölder	-	white	2	-
Palas	-	red	2	-
Septimer	-	white	2	-
Cabernet Franc	-	red	A	-
Deckrot	-	red	A	-
Foundling	-	white	A	-
Freisamer	-	white	A	-
White Chasselas Red Chasselas	Chasselas , Chasselas	white	A 0	- -
Hegel	-	red	A	-
Hibernal	-	white	A	-
Marie Steiner	-	white	A	-
Principal	-	white	A	-
Blauer Zweigelt	Zweigelt , Rotburger	red	A	-
Arnsburger	-	white	0	-
Bronner (Variety)	-	white	0	-
Cabernet Cortis	-	red	0	-
Dyers grape	Teinturier du Cher	red	0	-
Fontanara	-	white	0	-
Merzling	-	white	0	-
Nutmeg Trollinger	Trollinger nutmeg	red	0	-
Nobling	-	white	0	-
Silcher	-	white	0	-
Sirius	-	white	0	-
Staufer	-	white	0	-
usual white varieties	-	white	39	0.1
usual red varieties	-	white	12	-
WHITE VARIETIES			18 280	69.0
RED VARIETIES			8200	31.0
TOTAL			26 480	100