Traminer

Traminer

The variety is next to the Muscatel one of the oldest cultivated vine in Europe. To have their origin there are several assumptions, one of which moved them into the days of ancient Egypt. Other sources mention Greece, from where the variety will be coming to Italy. The German Ampelograph Hermann Hermann Goethe (1837-1911) suggested a derivation of the Pliny (23-79) above Aminea . In other sources, but is also an ancient species Nomentana mentioned. The most common variant points to South Tyrol, where it is south of Bolzano, a place Tramin (Termeno). Presumably, however, all these assumptions wrong. Although Traminer wines from South Tyrol were traded since the Middle Ages, the name may refer, however, the "Big Traminer" or "Räuschling" that mentioned in the Tyrol as a "German grapes" (Drutsch) or "White Lagrein" since the late Middle Ages is. The Räuschling (Great Franconian, Furmentin) and Traminer (small Franconian, Furmentin) are directly related to each other.

The famous German botanist Hieronymus Hieronymus Bock (1498-1554) mentions in his "Kreütter book" in the edition of 1546 the species as "Inner Tram". When " Heida "(Heather Grape), he appears in 1586 in Valais. Presumably, he was introduced to the Christianization of the Slavs already in the early Middle Ages from Moravia to Franconia, where he found the Franconian Empire as a "small Franconian" or "Rotfränkische" spread. Pannonian as descendants of Traminer Riesling, Sylvaner and Rotgipfler support this thesis. In the village Rhodt (Palatinate), the Traminer is mentioned as early as 1591. There is a listed building wine garden where supposedly been about 350 years old Traminer vines are from the time of the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648), from which in good years, some 500 liters of wine are produced.

DNA leave from the 1990s suggest that the Traminer from Wild Vines (Vitis vinifera ssp. Sylvestris) was selected. However, such conclusions with caution to enjoy, because the seedlings from which emerged, still living in the wild vine specimens are much younger than the ages of vegetatively propagated variety Traminer. Nevertheless, one can assume that the Traminer was already well established at the time of the Frankish empire, along with other varieties of the eastern Frankish Avar on the Danube River to Franconia and Wurtemberg, and from there to the west-central Europe. Distribution area was present along the western Alps (Savoie, Valais, western Switzerland) and in the French Jura mountains and neighboring Alsace.

Traminer and their intersections can be used as the Frankish gene pool of the Central European varieties are considered. Direct descendants are as Traminer varieties Elbling , Pinot Noir , Räuschling , Rotgipfler , Sauvignon Blanc , Sémillon , Silvaner and Valtellina . A direct descendant is the re-discovered in 2005 Feeder (Traminer Heunisch x) of the Riesling is very close. The latter may have resulted from the crossing of the Traminer grape genetically very similar to the Heunisch. For the numerous offspring of Pinot is the Traminer is one of the grandparent-types (see also below Pinots ). In Cabernet Sauvignon, Traminer was also a grandparent. The Traminer thus played alongside the Heunisch a crucial role in the pathogenesis of many valued European varieties.

The numerous designations indicate the great antiquity and worldwide distribution through the grapevine. In part, these are different varieties and mutation . Synonyms are as Aida, Brun Blanc, Blanc Court, Bon Blanc, Christmas Grapes, Clevner, Crevena Ruziva (Balkan) Three Men Wine , Three Penny Wood, drumin (Czech Republic), sweet grapes, Noble White, Gold leaf blank, red meat, meat Weiner, Formentin Rouge, Fourmenteau, Frenscher, Frentsch, Fromenté, Fromenteau , Fromenteau Rouge, Furmentin, yellow Edler, Gelber Traminer, Gentil Blanc, Gentil Rose Aromatique, Gewurztraminer, Griset, Heida , Pagans, Saints Klevener Steiner, Klävner, Klevener de Heiligenstein , Brown Small, Small Traminer, small Franconian, Small Vienna, Klemmer, Klevner , Livora Cervena, Liwora, Mala Dinka (Bulgaria), Malmsey , Malvoisie (Tyrol), Marzimmer, Milleran, Mossler, Mussel, Mussler, Nature, Natural, Noble Vert, Nuremberg, Ordinairi Moßler, Païen (Switzerland), Prince, Rose musque, Rotclevner, Rotedel, Nuremberg Red, Red Riesling , Gewurztraminer , Rotfranke, Rotfränkisch, Rousselet, Rozsa (Hungary), Rusa (Romania), Ruzica, Ryvola, Sauvagneux, Sauvagni (e) n, Sauvagnun, Sauvanon, Sauvoignin, Savagnin Blanc , Savagnin Jaune, Savagnin Rose, Vert Savagnin, Savoignin, Servoignier , Servoyen Blanc, Svénié, Termeno Aromatico (Italy), Tokay, Tramin Cervena (Slovakia), Traminac, Traminac Rdeci, Traminec, Traminer musque, Traminer Parfume and Traminer rosé (Russia), Traminer Rosso Tramini Piros, Tram Miner, Viclair, Vigne Blanche, Vigne du Maréchal, White Noble, lambsquarters, white Franconian, Weißfrenschen (Alsace) and Weißklaevner.

As the Pinotfamilie the Traminer is prone to mutation , for this reason is also the number of variants explained. There are basically three types, namely Gewurztraminer (reddish berries), Gewurztraminer (also red or orange berries) and the rather odorless Yellow or White Traminer (yellow-green berries). In some sources, but only distinguishes between two varieties with white and red berries. Genetically, these two or three varieties are indistinguishable but. It is on the same vine with differences in berry color, flavor, leaf shape, vigor and yield. After finalized in Milan DNA The white variety is identical with the French Savagnin Blanc , from the famous yellow wine is made. And the varieties with red berries (Gewürztraminer) are identical to the Savagnin rose , also known as the so-called Musque is known. From a rare non-musque-variety is in the Alsace Klevener de Heiligenstein pressed.

The most common is the Traminerspielart Gewurztraminer. It is cultivated in many countries around the world, as well as overseas in Argentina, Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and the United States. In Europe it is grown mainly in France (Alsace) and in South Tyrol. In 2009, the variety in Germany and Austria, to 838 hectares to 321 hectares, was represented. In Switzerland it is grown on 50 hectares. In particular, the Gewurztraminer and alcohol extract provides rich white wines with characteristic and typical of the variety , intense aromas of bitter orange, lychee (Lychee), marzipan and rose. For this reason, the vine is also one of the so-called bouquet places . It is also often used as a breeding partner for new varieties, for example, Ortega , Pearl , Septimer , Siegerrebe , Traminette and Würzer .